pass time(0) to srand() when generating random numbers.

generally, we use srand(time(0)) to generate random numbers.
i know why we use time(0), but i can not explain how it operates.

first, see example source below.

---------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("This will generate 5 random numbers.\n\n");

srand(time(0));

int i;
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
printf("generated %d\n", rand());
}

return 0;
}
---------------------------------------------

this is an idiom of generating random numbers, i think.
and a different source below operates correctly too.

---------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("This will generate 5 random numbers.\n\n");

int seed = time(0);
srand(seed);

int i;
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
printf("generated %d\n", rand());
}

return 0;
}
---------------------------------------------

but, following source produces incorrect results.
(returns the same values everytime)
---------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("This will generate 5 random numbers.\n\n");

// seed is the return value for time(0)
// i wrote it by my hand. :-(
int seed = 1067589554;
srand(seed);

int i;
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
printf("generated %d\n", rand());
}

return 0;
}
---------------------------------------------

what is the difference of these three sources?
plz tell me something who knows it.